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1.<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">人类第一次获得金属铝是在</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">1825</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">年，由丹麦化学家用无水</span><img class="Wirisformula" style="vertical-align: -4px;" role="math" src="http://file.ewt360.com/file/1400371106153988170" data-fileid="1399302629960575891" data-type="mathType" data-wmf="http://file.ewt360.com/file/1400371088974119693" data-bin="http://file.ewt360.com/file/1400371097564037825" data-id="25975" /><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">与</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">钾作用制</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">得的。当时由于价格非常昂贵，称为</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">&ldquo;</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">银色的金子</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">&rdquo;</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">。直到</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">19</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">世纪后期发明了电解法制铝，才使铝的价格大大下降，使</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">铝成为</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">当今广泛应用的一种金属材料。下列关于铝的叙述，不正确的是（　　）</span></div><br/><br/>
A.<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">铝是地壳中含量最多的金属元素</span></div><br/>
B.<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">在常温下，</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">铝不能</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">与</span><img class="Wirisformula" style="vertical-align: -1px;" role="math" src="http://file.ewt360.com/file/1400371106153980689" data-fileid="1399302629960575893" data-type="mathType" data-wmf="http://file.ewt360.com/file/1400371097564045351" data-bin="http://file.ewt360.com/file/1400371097564062348" data-id="150" /><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">溶液反应</span><br/>
C.铝是一种比较活泼的金属</div><br/>
D.<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">在化学反应中，</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">铝容易</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">失去电子</span><br/>
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<b>正确答案</b>: ['B']<br/>
解析:<div class="mst-editor-mce-root-block"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">A</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">项正确，地壳中含量最多的元素是氧，含量最多的金属元素是铝；</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">B</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">项错误，铝在常温下就能与</span><img class="Wirisformula" style="vertical-align: -1px;" role="math" src="http://file.ewt360.com/file/1400371106153997022" data-fileid="1399302629960575892" data-type="mathType" data-wmf="http://file.ewt360.com/file/1400371097564062347" data-bin="http://file.ewt360.com/file/1400371097564053903" data-id="150" /><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">溶液剧烈反应；</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">C</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">项正确，铝排在金属活动性顺序表的第</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">5</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">位，是比较活泼的金属；</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">D</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">项正确，</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">铝比较</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">活泼，最外层电子数为</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">3</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">，在铝参加的各反应中</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">铝失去</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">电子。</span></div><br/>
省流:[['B']]<br/>
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2.<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">我国是现代湿法冶金的先驱，早在西汉时期，刘安在《淮南万毕术》中写到“曾青得铁则化铜”，这里的“曾青”就是铜的化合物（如硫酸铜）。在宋朝利用这个</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">反应冶铜的</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">生产具有一定的规模。该反应的化学方程式为：</span><span class="mst-question-answer-placeholder">1</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">，该反应的基本反应类型是</span><span class="mst-question-answer-placeholder">2</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">。</span></div><br/><br/>
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<b>正确答案</b>: ['<div class="mst-editor-mce-root-block"><img class="Wirisformula" style="vertical-align: -4px;" role="math" src="http://file.ewt360.com/file/1400857012984053783" data-fileid="" data-type="mathType" data-wmf="http://file.ewt360.com/file/1400857012984045641" data-bin="http://file.ewt360.com/file/1400857012984062290" data-id="723130" data-client="true" /></div>', '<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">置换反应</span>']<br/>
解析:<div class="mst-editor-mce-root-block"><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">&ldquo;曾青得铁则化铜&rdquo;实际上就是铜的化合物</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">（</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">如硫酸铜</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">）</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">与铁发生的置换反应，这也构成了现代湿法冶金的先驱发生反应的化学方程式为：<img class="Wirisformula" style="vertical-align: -4px;" role="math" src="http://file.ewt360.com/file/1400856643616874959" data-fileid="" data-type="mathType" data-wmf="http://file.ewt360.com/file/1400856635026915369" data-bin="http://file.ewt360.com/file/1400856643616858596" data-id="723129" data-client="true" />，属于置换反应</span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">。</span><br /><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">故本题答案为：<img class="Wirisformula" style="vertical-align: -4px;" role="math" src="http://file.ewt360.com/file/1400856841185370303" data-fileid="" data-type="mathType" data-wmf="http://file.ewt360.com/file/1400856841185345697" data-bin="http://file.ewt360.com/file/1400856841185354491" data-id="723129" data-client="true" /></span><span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">；置换反应</span></div><br/>
省流:[['<div class="mst-editor-mce-root-block"><img class="Wirisformula" style="vertical-align: -4px;" role="math" src="http://file.ewt360.com/file/1400857012984053783" data-fileid="" data-type="mathType" data-wmf="http://file.ewt360.com/file/1400857012984045641" data-bin="http://file.ewt360.com/file/1400857012984062290" data-id="723130" data-client="true" /></div>', '<span style="font-family: 宋体, SimSun;">置换反应</span>']]<br/>
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